Sodium Selenide

Sodium selenide is an inorganic compound with the chemical formula Na2Se. It is a highly reactive and toxic solid that is soluble in water and insoluble in organic solvents. Sodium selenide is commonly used as a source of selenium in various chemical reactions and processes.

The compound is prepared by reacting elemental selenium with sodium metal in a suitable solvent, typically liquid ammonia or an alcohol such as ethanol. The reaction proceeds via the formation of intermediate species such as NaSe and Na3Se2, which eventually react to form the desired Na2Se product.

Sodium selenide has a crystal structure similar to that of sodium chloride (NaCl), with a face-centered cubic lattice in which each sodium ion is surrounded by six selenium ions, and vice versa. The compound exhibits a dark red color, which is due to the presence of unpaired electrons in the selenium atoms.

Sodium selenide is a powerful reducing agent and reacts readily with many substances, including acids, halogens, and metals. It is also highly reactive with oxygen and moisture in the air, and must be handled carefully under inert conditions to avoid oxidation or decomposition.

In addition to its use as a source of selenium, sodium selenide is also employed in the synthesis of various other inorganic and organometallic compounds, as well as in the production of semiconductors, pigments, and glass. However, due to its toxicity and reactivity, sodium selenide must be handled with caution and appropriate safety measures.