Gold(Iii) Chloride Trihydrate

Gold(III) chloride trihydrate is a chemical compound with the molecular formula AuCl3·3H2O. It is a yellow-orange solid that is soluble in water and alcohol. The compound contains one gold atom, three chlorine atoms, and three water molecules per unit.

The gold atom in this compound has an oxidation state of +3, meaning it has lost three electrons. Each chlorine atom has a -1 charge, while each water molecule has no net charge. The structure of the compound consists of layers of ions held together by hydrogen bonds between the water molecules and hydrogen chloride bonds between the chloride ions and water molecules.

Gold(III) chloride trihydrate is often used as a starting material for the synthesis of various gold compounds and as a precursor to catalysts for organic chemistry reactions. It is also used in the production of decorative gold plating and as an etchant in microelectronics.

When handling this compound, it is important to wear appropriate protective equipment such as gloves and goggles, as it can be harmful if ingested or inhaled. It should be stored in a cool, dry place away from sources of heat and ignition.