Alcl3

AlCl3 is a chemical compound composed of one aluminum (Al) atom and three chlorine (Cl) atoms. It has a molecular weight of 133.34 g/mol and a molar mass of 133.34 g/mol.

AlCl3 is a white to yellow crystalline solid with a melting point of 192.4°C and a boiling point of 180.8°C. It is highly soluble in polar solvents such as water and ethanol, but insoluble in nonpolar solvents such as benzene and hexane.

In the solid state, AlCl3 exists as a dimer, with two AlCl3 molecules joined together by bridging chlorine atoms. This dimeric structure is stabilized by coordinate covalent bonds between the aluminum atom and the bridging chlorine atoms.

When dissolved in water or other polar solvents, AlCl3 undergoes hydrolysis to form hydrated aluminum ions and chloride ions. The exact composition of the hydrated aluminum ions depends on the concentration of the AlCl3 solution and the temperature.

AlCl3 is commonly used as a Lewis acid catalyst in organic chemistry reactions, particularly in Friedel-Crafts reactions. It can also be used as a starting material for the synthesis of other aluminum compounds, such as aluminum oxide (Al2O3), aluminum nitride (AlN), and aluminum alkyl compounds.