Bismuth(III) Iodide

Bismuth(III) iodide is a chemical compound with the molecular formula BiI3. It is a yellow crystalline solid that is insoluble in water but soluble in organic solvents such as ethanol and acetone.

Bismuth(III) iodide can be prepared by reacting bismuth(III) oxide or bismuth(III) nitrate with hydroiodic acid or potassium iodide. The resulting product is then purified by recrystallization.

The crystal structure of bismuth(III) iodide consists of layers of BiI6 octahedra that are linked together through corner sharing. These layers are held together by van der Waals forces, which accounts for its insolubility in water.

Bismuth(III) iodide has a high refractive index, making it useful in optical applications such as lenses and prisms. It also exhibits interesting electrical properties, including piezoelectricity and pyroelectricity.

However, bismuth(III) iodide is toxic if ingested or inhaled, and it may cause skin and respiratory irritation upon contact. Therefore, appropriate safety precautions should be taken when handling this compound.