What Are The Properties Of Gold (III) Chloride?

Gold(III) chloride, also known as auric chloride or gold trichloride, is a yellow-orange crystalline solid with the chemical formula AuCl3. It has a molar mass of 303.33 g/mol and a density of 4.7 g/cm³ at room temperature. Its melting point is 254°C, and it decomposes at around 300°C.

Gold(III) chloride is highly soluble in water and polar solvents like ethanol and acetone, but insoluble in nonpolar solvents like benzene or hexane. In water, it forms hydrated complexes that have a variety of colors ranging from yellow to red-brown depending on the number of water molecules bound to the gold cation.

Gold(III) chloride is a strong oxidizing agent and can react vigorously with reducing agents. It is used in the synthesis of gold nanoparticles, as a catalyst in organic reactions, and in the refining of gold. However, it is also toxic and can cause skin irritation, eye damage, and respiratory problems if inhaled. Proper safety precautions should be taken when handling this compound.