Sodium Carbide

Sodium carbide is an inorganic compound with the chemical formula Na2C2, which is a type of salt that is composed of sodium cations (Na+) and carbide anions (C22-). It is a grayish-white or yellowish powder that is highly reactive, flammable, and explosive when exposed to water or acids.

Sodium carbide is produced by heating a mixture of coke (carbon) and sodium carbonate (Na2CO3) at high temperatures in an electric furnace. The reaction takes place as follows:

2 C + Na2CO3 → Na2C2 + 3 CO

The resulting product is then cooled and ground into a powder for use. Sodium carbide can also be prepared by reacting sodium metal with carbon at high temperatures.

Sodium carbide has a number of uses in various industries. It is used as a raw material for the production of acetylene gas (C2H2) by reacting sodium carbide with water. Acetylene is used as a fuel gas for welding and cutting metals, as well as in the production of various chemicals such as vinyl chloride and acrylonitrile.

Sodium carbide is also used as a desulfurizing agent in steel production to remove sulfur impurities from iron and steel alloys. In addition, it is used as a reducing agent in organic chemistry reactions.

However, sodium carbide is highly reactive and must be handled carefully. It should be stored in tightly sealed containers away from moisture and oxidizing agents. When handling sodium carbide, protective equipment such as gloves and safety glasses should be worn to avoid contact with skin or eyes.